Algae & Cyanobacteria: Understanding the Basics
Not everything green in Nicola Lake is a cause for alarm. Understanding the difference between beneficial algae and opportunistic cyanobacteria is key to being a good steward of our watershed.
What are Algae?
Algae are simple, plant-like organisms that live in water. They form the base of the Nicola Lake food web, providing oxygen and food for fish and other aquatic life. Most species are harmless and essential for a healthy lake.
What are Cyanobacteria?
Often called "blue-green algae," these are actually bacteria that can photosynthesize. While natural parts of the lake, they can multiply rapidly (bloom) when nutrients and temperatures are high, potentially releasing toxins.
True Algae: Typically bright green or brown; oftentimes stringy or hair-like; crucial for lake oxygen levels.
Quick Comparison
Cyanobacteria: Pea soup or paint-like appearance; tiny specks or grass-clipping shapes; can produce toxins.
Toxic Algae: Know the Signs
Understanding Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) is essential for the safety of our community and the ecosystem of Nicola Lake. While not all algae are harmful, certain blooms can produce toxins that impact health.
What to Look For
- Scum that looks like spilled green paint or pea soup
- Clumps or strands of green material floating near the surface
- Foam or thick mats along the shoreline
- Discolored water (green, blue-green, or reddish-brown)
Pet Safety Warning
Pets are highly susceptible to toxic algae. Do not let dogs swim in or drink water where a bloom is present. If your pet comes into contact with scum, rinse them immediately with clean water and watch for signs of illness like vomiting or lethargy.
What Are Toxic Algae Blooms?
Blooms occur when cyanobacteria grow rapidly due to warm temperatures and excess nutrients like phosphorus. While they look like algae, they are actually bacteria capable of producing cyanotoxins.
Human Health Risks
- Skin rashes and eye irritation
- Stomach pain and nausea
- Sore throat and headaches
- Long-term liver or nerve damage
Animal & Livestock Risks
Livestock and local wildlife can be severely affected if they ingest contaminated water, leading to rapid illness or mortality. Protecting access points is critical during high-bloom periods.
Safety Precautions
- When in doubt, stay out. Avoid contact with discolored water.
- Shower thoroughly if you accidentally touch scummy water.
- Do not boil lake water for drinking—boiling does not remove toxins.
- Keep children away from shorelines with visible mats or scum.
How to Report
Help us track blooms! If you spot suspicious algae, take a photo and note the location. Your reports are vital for community warnings and research.
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Please email: vicepresident@guardiansofnicola.ca with photos, location and date